Accelerated Aging & Epigenetic Biomarkers in Cancer Survivors
Aging is a complex biological process that can be influenced by external factors, including cancer treatments. Research suggests that individuals undergoing cancer therapies experience accelerated aging, which can lead to increased cardiovascular complications, reduced exercise capacity, and long-term declines in quality of life. Our lab is focused on understanding the epigenetic mechanisms driving these changes and identifying potential lifestyle-based interventions to improve patient outcomes.
Currently, we are leading two major projects examining the role of epigenetic biomarkers and accelerated aging in cancer survivors. The first project, funded by the New Investigator Award through the Seattle Cancer Consortium, investigates epigenetic aging in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. The second project, an NIH/NCI R21-funded study, explores the relationship between epigenetic aging and exercise capacity in breast cancer patients. Both studies aim to provide critical insights into the biological underpinnings of treatment-related aging and its impact on long-term health.
Epigenetic Aging in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving therapy for many cancer patients, but it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and accelerated biological aging. This study focuses on how allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) influences epigenetic aging and its subsequent effects on cardiovascular health and physical function. HSCT recipients often experience a decline in exercise capacity, leading to increased cardiovascular risk, fatigue, and diminished quality of life.
This study utilizes DNA CpG methylation analysis to identify epigenetic changes before and after transplantationand examines their association with physical performance metrics such as the six-minute walk test, grip strength, and the timed “get up and go” test. Additionally, Fitbit tracking is incorporated to assess whether increased physical activity modifies the effects of accelerated aging. By characterizing these changes, we aim to identify biomarkers that could help predict cardiovascular risks and inform personalized interventions to improve recovery in HSCT survivors.
Epigenetic Aging and Exercise Capacity in Breast Cancer Patients
Breast cancer survivors face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and declining cardiac function, often due to the cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This study investigates the role of epigenetic aging in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment, focusing on how DNA CpG methylation can serve as a biomarker of accelerated aging.
The study utilizes samples from the Wake Forest/VCU UPBEAT study, a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in early stage BC patients. We will include a cohort of 100 breast cancer patients and 20 non-cancer controls to examine how treatment-induced epigenetic changes influence long-term cardiovascular health and exercise capacity. By assessing the association between epigenetic aging, cardiac function, and physical performance over time, we aim to determine whether an active lifestyle can mitigate the adverse effects of accelerated aging. This research is particularly important for identifying high-risk patients and developing lifestyle-based interventions that promote healthier aging among cancer survivors.
The Impact of Our Research
Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying cardiovascular dysfunction and aging in cancer survivors is critical for improving survivorship care. Our research aims to develop personalized risk stratification tools, allowing for the early identification of patients at the highest risk for cardiovascular complications. Additionally, by examining the role of exercise and lifestyle interventions, we hope to contribute to the development of evidence-based strategies that enhance quality of life and long-term health in cancer survivors.